tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-62980499300254915842024-02-19T12:06:29.151-05:00Ms J's Chemistry ClassUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger501125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-56692371634857655422018-02-19T11:24:00.000-05:002018-02-19T11:24:00.322-05:00VSEPR - Valence Shell Ectron Pair Repulsion Theory<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Valence Shell Electron Repulsion Theory</span><br />
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<a href="http://faculty.sdmiramar.edu/fgarces/ChemComon/Tutorial/VSEPR/VSEPRTutorial/Slide8a.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://faculty.sdmiramar.edu/fgarces/ChemComon/Tutorial/VSEPR/VSEPRTutorial/Slide8a.jpg" height="320" width="161" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Electrons do not like each other and when looking at molecular structures - electrons and unshared electrons (the two dots paired together) will space out evenly so they are as far apart as possible.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Most of the names of the shapes of hints like tri, tetra, planar, etc. Students need to memorize these shapes and be able to visualize them for given formulas.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For help with VSEPR - <a href="http://misterguch.brinkster.net/VSEPR.html">read this</a>.</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-47550733865945990512018-02-16T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-16T06:30:39.400-05:00Polar Vs NonPolar Covalent Bonds<div>
<a href="http://www.lionden.com/thumbnails/slides5.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://www.lionden.com/thumbnails/slides5.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Anyone who has ever had to share something with someone else knows that sometimes isn't exactly even. Covalent molecules or bonds are no different. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">If a molecules is nonpolar covalent, it is sharing its electrons equally. The best example of this is in diatomic molecules. Diatomic molecules are two of the same atom bonded together - so they would have exactly the same pull. Symmetrical molecules are also nonpolar.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Polar covalent bonds occur when electrons are not equally shared. One atom, usually more electronegative, has a stronger pull on the electrons and shares them unequally. The other atom that is less electronegative has a smaller hold on the electrons and is thus can be slightly positive. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">One way to remember this is... <span style="background-color: white; color: blue;">"Polar Bears do not share... equally."</span></span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-85163796111914947652018-02-15T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-15T06:30:34.415-05:00Covalent Bonding<br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">If it is a <b>- and -, the bond is covalent</b>. The electrons are <i>shared</i> in the bond. To get the formula, you have to draw the Lewis Dot structures for the elements and connect the dots that don't have friends. You write the formula based on your drawing. To name it, use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms in the formula and the second one ends in -ide. For these it doesn't matter which element comes first.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/7615/=covalentbonding2.0.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/7615/=covalentbonding2.0.png" height="207" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<a href="http://secure.tutorsglobe.com/CMSImages/2228_Chemical%20Bonding%20and%20Valence%20Homework%20Help%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://secure.tutorsglobe.com/CMSImages/2228_Chemical%20Bonding%20and%20Valence%20Homework%20Help%202.jpg" height="243" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtUmg0m1CQ_JBCH-VGscyi695yq4CCaFVy8-hezeastx5OoAuqUeDna2Z9TiB8-Jqts-Hx16CZgjHE_w1bc8VwTs9DcsGORVA1bJLjuAJ9LOaflk3fMJ2sSjaCDKnrzGjZGdJBn2z3lJpp/s1600/2f12df6d0f8a28e11590f15fa3605a93.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtUmg0m1CQ_JBCH-VGscyi695yq4CCaFVy8-hezeastx5OoAuqUeDna2Z9TiB8-Jqts-Hx16CZgjHE_w1bc8VwTs9DcsGORVA1bJLjuAJ9LOaflk3fMJ2sSjaCDKnrzGjZGdJBn2z3lJpp/s1600/2f12df6d0f8a28e11590f15fa3605a93.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">There are 4 atoms that commonly form diatomic molecules with a covalent bond... and hydrogen is one of them! That weird atom!</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-81261593208659565832018-02-14T07:00:00.000-05:002018-02-14T07:00:13.426-05:00Chemistry Cat Valentine<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="http://s2.quickmeme.com/img/3a/3a2f4e5e47aec84130f8d5a90657325f305ca7aae786868e2bbac1f21bb0840d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://s2.quickmeme.com/img/3a/3a2f4e5e47aec84130f8d5a90657325f305ca7aae786868e2bbac1f21bb0840d.jpg" height="320" width="242" /></a></div>
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-25958045214818196762018-02-14T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-14T06:30:05.465-05:00Ionic Bonding<a href="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/cf/0b/c9/cf0bc91c7ec336bc6d7e4878232c61fc.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/cf/0b/c9/cf0bc91c7ec336bc6d7e4878232c61fc.jpg" width="151" /></a><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Students learned about ionic bonding. Ionic bonding happens between metals and nonmetals (positives and negatives). The electrons are given and taken in this ionic bond. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">To get the formula, you criss cross the charges. To name it, you say the name of the metal, then the name of the nonmetal with an -ide ending. If it is a metal from DForP block, then you use a roman numeral to indicate the charge of the metal. Basically everyone gets a Roman numeral except S-block, Boron, and Aluminum</span><br />
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<a href="http://faculty.sdmiramar.edu/fgarces/zCourse/All_Year/Ch100_OL/aMy_FileLec/04OL_LecNotes_Ch100/05_CompoundBonding/502_Lewis/502_pic/AlScrisscross.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">After learning the basics, students practice. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><a href="http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-decipher-the-formulas-of-ionic-compounds.html"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Ionic Bonds for Dummies</span></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups_interactive.html">Here is a cool interactive </a>where you can build models to simulate ionic bonding.</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-77377316032010061822018-02-13T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-13T06:30:23.937-05:00Formula Writing<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipfdrdhR2CGvLcS-gJouFrFzLvUXYHED_7G8-iSwn8U8qcO7uMYgy9MKI6y6CgWE1lWLtyUtiSmUjgw6Wh2CS37eKumdg0NHjg09gMdHCETUqXX3_J77VXmRWpqS2tRMLHpJyoypYvLujT/s1600-h/P9230438.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5385126969831213058" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipfdrdhR2CGvLcS-gJouFrFzLvUXYHED_7G8-iSwn8U8qcO7uMYgy9MKI6y6CgWE1lWLtyUtiSmUjgw6Wh2CS37eKumdg0NHjg09gMdHCETUqXX3_J77VXmRWpqS2tRMLHpJyoypYvLujT/s320/P9230438.JPG" style="cursor: pointer; float: right; height: 141px; margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; width: 320px;" /></a>Today we discussed how to write chemical formulas, and what the numbers associated with a chemical formula mean.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Coefficients</b> are the big numbers in front and are distributed to the whole molecule (which means you may have to multiply). <b>Coefficients tell you how many molecules are present. </b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> 3He = He He He :)<b><br /></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b><b>Subscripts</b> are the little lower numbers and they indicate the number of atoms and only apply to the atom it is to the right of. <b>Subscripts tell you how many of each atom are present. </b>Students wrote their name as a chemical compound and thought it looked pretty interesting. Some students have long formulas, other short.</span><br />
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<a href="http://images.slideplayer.com/1/265577/slides/slide_8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://images.slideplayer.com/1/265577/slides/slide_8.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">We then led into counting atoms for real chemical formulas using subscripts and coefficients.</span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-89811264519602984372018-02-12T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-12T06:30:00.242-05:00Roman Numerals for metals<div class="separator" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEhzpAmfgoWppkhyv8qdRcpkT6Dbph7bz-SJlkVk63f96T27bhJqzuO4JN3tpRc9-Plkylswh3Y8KZDMm7spU_1-qVtQib8S_k4nYaeXSErynoeYcndHiUjHaLlumF79PFNPMRWQnT8wrk0H7h0Vc8NB9Pyp2AO3rmLZhmEBf_P70eK_kMMvA2yBfPShOji8Au2u=" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.morethanvinyl.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Round%20Roman%20clock.jpg" height="200" width="197" /></a><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Time to learn about roman numerals.... Here is a handy clock if you are unfamiliar with them. Pretty much you need to know 1-7. 1 is represented with I, five with V and 10 with X. 4 and 6 and 7 is where it gets tricky. 4 is 1 <i>before</i> 5 - so its Roman numeral is IV. 6 is one <i>after</i> five so its roman numeral is VI.</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/chemical-nomenclature/images/ions.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/chemical-nomenclature/images/ions.jpg" height="265" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Students also learned how to identify the charges of metals with more than one oxidation state using Roman numerals. Metals in the D, F, and lower P get Roman numerals - basically all metals but the S block, Aluminum and Boron get roman numerals. <b>The roman numeral tells you the charge.</b> We have to use this system because those odd metals can actually be found in more than one form - some with 2 possible charges - some with more than four!</span>
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<a href="http://www.mansfieldct.org/schools/mms/staff/hand/Valence.gif" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://www.mansfieldct.org/schools/mms/staff/hand/Valence.gif" height="147" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Students learned about valence electrons. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons and are the electrons that are used for bonding and participate in reactions. Valence electrons are only found in the S and P blocks. The max number of valence electrons is 8. Students practiced counting valence electrons and drawing Lewis Dot Structures.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Students also practiced identifying which noble gas an element wanted to be like. All elements want to be like two noble gases - it is just a matter of figuring out which is closer. Elements want to be like noble gases because they have full outer electron shells, or full valences. This makes them stable and non reactive which is why noble gases are sometimes called the inert gases.</span><br />
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<a href="http://scienceprojectideasforkids.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/ions-anions-cations-chart.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://scienceprojectideasforkids.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/ions-anions-cations-chart.jpg" height="286" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Today students learned how to use valence electrons and dot structures to determine the charge of an atom. Atoms either want to gain electrons or lose electrons to become like those noble gases they envy.</span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Ions</b> are atoms or molecules that have a net charge, either positive or negative. There are two kinds of ions:</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Anions </b>are negatively charged ions because they have negative net charges. This means that there is a greater number of electrons (-) than protons (+). For example, the anion, fluoride (F <sup>1-</sup>), has a one negative charge because it has a total of nine protons and ten electrons. Thus, the net charge for fluoride is 1 negative.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Cations </b>are positively charged ions because they have positive net charges. This is due to these ions having more protons (positive charges) than electrons (negative charges). For example, calcium (Ca 2+) is a cation ion with 20 protons and 18 electrons. The net charge for Calcium is 2 positive. (<a href="http://scienceprojectideasforkids.com/2011/ions-anions-vs-cations/">from here</a>)</span></li>
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-62051952133147943122018-02-08T06:00:00.000-05:002018-02-08T06:00:36.445-05:00Organic Chemistry Primer<div class="separator" style="clear: both;">
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Organic</span> Chemistry is the stu<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">dy of carbon chemistry! Carbon has four valence electrons and thus always likes to make four bonds. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The basics for naming organic molecules include: counting th<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">e number of carb<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ons, looking at the <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">number of bonds between carbons, and checking for functional groups.<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/4410/=image085.png?revision=1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/4410/=image085.png?revision=1" height="101" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Prefixes are b<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ased on<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> the number of carbons. 1=meth, 2=eth, 3=prop, <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">4=but, and after that the prefixes mimic the covalent prefixes. The <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">s<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">uffi<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">x id<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">en<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">t<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">i<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">fies the bon<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">d type. A single is an alkane and th<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">us <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">the suffi<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">x is -ane. <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Doubles - a<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">lkene; <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">t<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">riples - alkyne. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span> Click on the image to make it larger.</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Types-of-Organic-Formula-Post.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Types-of-Organic-Formula-Post.png" height="320" width="226" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Compound Interest's original post can be found<a href="http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/11/a-brief-guide-to-types-of-organic-chemistry-formula/" target="_blank"> here</a>.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> are many organic functional groups, but at this level of chemistry, students just need to be <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">familiar</span> with alc<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. </span></span></span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-75310659883836434582018-02-05T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-05T06:30:14.260-05:00Periodic Trends<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It is all about the electrons! Always!</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Electro- negativity</b> is how badly atoms <i>want electrons</i>. The most electronegative atoms are Fluorine, Chlorine, and Oxygen. Everyone wants to be a Noble Gas... and halogens are the closest so they are the most electronegative.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b><b>Ionization energy</b> is how difficult it is to remove electrons. It is difficult to <i>remove electrons</i> from atoms that are electronegative.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Atomic radius</b> increases as you move down the periodic table because atoms have more mass, but actually decreases from left to right because atoms are <i>holding on to their electrons</i> tighter (because they are more electronegative).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Shielding</b> has to do with how protons are <i>blocked by the electron shells</i> - the more shells there are, the more blocking there is. So something in period 5 (with 5 shells) has more shielding than an element in period 2 with two electron shells. Sheilding is constant across the periodic table because the number of shells is constant.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Compound Chemistry has an <a href="http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/02/12/periodicity-trends-in-the-periodic-table/" target="_blank">infographic on the Periodic Trends here</a>! </span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-70301027603559807602018-02-02T06:30:00.000-05:002018-02-02T06:30:04.475-05:00Electronic Configuration<a href="http://mcat-review.org/periodic-orbitals.gif" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://mcat-review.org/periodic-orbitals.gif" height="182" width="320" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battleship_%28game%29">Battleship</a>, a classic game by Milton Bradley, is a game easily adaptable to learning electronic configuration.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Electronic Configuration is an intense mathematical calculation proposed by Schrodinger & Heisenberg as a way to predict where to find an electron around the nucleus in the electron cloud model. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There are four main parts of the periodic table known as orbitals. The S block, P block, D and F orbitals. Within each block, you just count over how many spaces it is. There are seven energy levels that are loosely based on the period that an element is (the D & F blocks are exceptions to energy levels). The D block is dumb and that's why it starts with one number lower. Really they just have less energy and have the same amount of energy as the S and P block in the 3rd period. The F block are failures and that's why they are 2 lower... or they have a lot less energy.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">So to identify Hydrogen you would say 1s2 because it is in the first period or first energy level, in the s block, and the first member of the first block. Carbon is a 2P2 because it is in the 2nd period, in the P block, and the 2nd one over in the P block.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Students learned the pattern of electronic configuration and how to use it. Basically its like giving directions to an element on the PT using set landmarks. It is a bit confusing, but once you get the pattern, its not too bad.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Students practiced a bit and then they played Battleship to practice some more. The Periodic Table became the game board and students hid their ships on it, then guessed hits using the electronic configuration of the atoms. I think they really got the hang of it because I did not field many questions at that point.</span>MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-87947312934843196902018-01-30T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-30T06:30:14.340-05:00Dudes! (Chemistry Scientists)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/439/449969/Media_Portfolio/Chapter_05/FG05_26.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/439/449969/Media_Portfolio/Chapter_05/FG05_26.JPG" height="320" width="227" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There are several "dudes," famous chemistry folks that students need to be familiar with. These dudes (Democritus, Dalton, JJ Thompson, Millikan, Rutherford, Bohr, Heisenberg, De Broglie, and Planck) all did experiments and came up with different and improved atom models. The current model is the elctron cloud or quantum mechanical model which was formulated by Heisenberg and De Broglie.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Heisenberg and De Broglie came up with the current electron cloud model, but we draw Bohr's planetary model the most often because it easier to count the electrons. There's a TedEd video about the progression - <a href="http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-2-400-year-search-for-the-atom-theresa-doud" target="_blank">HERE</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Electrons are tricky because they move constantly and at high speeds. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that you cannot know both the speed and location of an electron - you can only know one - because measuring either one, changes the other. DeBroglie's wave theory helps explain why electrons sometimes act like particles and sometimes are compared to waves.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For more information about the evolution of the atomic model, <a href="http://www.scienceclarified.com/As-Bi/Atomic-Theory.html">check out this link</a>. And here is a <a href="http://ed.ted.com/on/cF2GKiF6" target="_blank">video</a>!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Here are some <a href="http://quizlet.com/12108463/chemistry-dudes-flash-cards/" target="_blank">Dude Quizlet Flashcards</a> to help you out.</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-26185079250485212392018-01-29T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-29T06:30:24.128-05:00Atoms and the PT<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Atoms, or elements, are the smallest unit of matter. They retain their identity in chemical reactions and are combined to form compounds and everything in the universe.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Atoms have some basic parts. Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus and make up the atomic mass. To find the number of neutrons, you subtract the atomic number (number of protons) from the atomic mass number (protons<i> plus</i> neutrons).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Electrons are so tiny that they do not influence the atomic mass. They are found orbiting the nucleus in shells or orbitals. Atoms are neutral so the number of protons equals the number of electrons.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">How small is an atom? <a href="http://ed.ted.com/lessons/just-how-small-is-an-atom" target="_blank">Watch this entertaining TedEd video</a>!</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.meta-synthesis.com/webbook/35_pt/Mendeleev_Periodic_Sys_Moran_big.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.meta-synthesis.com/webbook/35_pt/Mendeleev_Periodic_Sys_Moran_big.jpg" height="174" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mendeleev designed the periodic table by looking at the properties of elements on cards </span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">and arranging them different ways until he got a system that worked. No one told him how to do it, he just did it until it worked. He even left spaces for elements that were discovered in his lifetime. (</span><a href="http://www.aip.org/history/curie/periodic.htm" style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">More info about Mendeleev</a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">) His periodic table was set up according to atomic mass number. The current table, altered slightly by Moseley, is organized by atomic number (number of protons). </span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://skunkbear.tumblr.com/post/75904773787/tomorrow-saturday-is-the-birthday-of-dmitri" target="_blank">This is an AMAZING Video about Mendeleev and his PT</a></b></i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Next we discussed regions of the periodic table, colored them, and labeled them. Periods are horizontal rows (periods go at the end of a sentence) and there are 7 periods. There are 18 groups or families (vertical columns) and a few of them have special names. This a pretty excellent diagram. <a href="http://www.chemtutor.com/perich.htm">This website gives a lot of helpful information</a>.</span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-66616694461782682722018-01-25T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-25T06:30:29.311-05:00Percent Composition<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Percent composition is just like determining your grade - the amount you got divided by the the whole amount. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />With compounds, you find the mass of a particular element and divide it by the mass of the whole compound. So if you wanted to know the percent composition of oxygen in water, you would take the mass of oxygen and divide it by the mass of water. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />We practiced some basics and the students measured the amount of sugar found in DubbleBubble bubble gum. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Students will each have a piece of gum and observe the gum by weighing it, drawing it, and smelling it. The students chew the gum for ten minutes. While they are waiting we will watch How Its Made on bubblegum.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After ten minutes, students will do more observations and re-weigh the gum. The gum weighed less... why? Because the sugar dissolved and was lost. Using this weight difference, students determined the percent composition of sugar in the gum they chewed. They also can convert the grams to moles and determine how many moles of sugar were in the gum.</span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-79444523899317671892018-01-24T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-24T06:30:40.171-05:00What is a Mole? What does it have to do with chemistry?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS067usyU6QOj_5YC8RTx9-AwDGIb-bgeuHHUgKPJKHJnaBcOk&t=1&usg=__RKwnmw6spREIL56hwotOfbUGu5g=" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS067usyU6QOj_5YC8RTx9-AwDGIb-bgeuHHUgKPJKHJnaBcOk&t=1&usg=__RKwnmw6spREIL56hwotOfbUGu5g=" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Moles are used to count atoms. There are 22,000,000,000,000,000,000 <a href="http://www.ccmr.cornell.edu/education/ask/index.html?quid=1268">quintillion atoms </a>in a grain of sand and even counting grains of sand is a pain. Because atoms are so tiny, we use the mole to estimate.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />There are 6.02 x 10 ^23 molecules in one mole. That's a whole lot. This is our new favorite number because it needs to be memorized. We will practice converting from moles to molecules.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />Next we discussed molar mass. Molar mass = 1 mole and it also equals atomic mass from the periodic table. To find the molar mass of carbon dioxide you find the mass of carbon and two oxygens and add them together. Finding molar mass is not difficult unless the molecule has tricky subscripts (which we have been practicing).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />The third thing about moles is that "one mole of any gas will occupy 22.4 Liters." 22.4 is another favorite number. We can convert from moles to liters and from liters to moles. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Just how big is a mole? There's a TedEd talk on that! Watch it <a href="http://ed.ted.com/lessons/daniel-dulek-how-big-is-a-mole-not-the-animal-the-other-one" target="_blank">here</a>!</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-88780881518253030962018-01-22T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-22T06:30:51.180-05:00Conversions (Dimensional Analysis)<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Conversions, or dimensional analysis, are used to change one unit to another. This is really useful when converting to metric units, but is essential to chemistry in terms of mole conversions. Setting up conversions is a skill so we started with learning the format. There are plenty of how to videos out there on the internet for anyone needing a tutorial.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">We will practice conversions with some of the crazy things people do to get in the Guinness Book of World Records - like longest ear hair, skinniest waist, tallest man, etc. I think the one the kids thought was the weirdest was the lady who can pop her eyes out 12mm.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />Check out more crazy records <a href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/explore-records/" target="_blank">here</a>!</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-67207192211075341762018-01-19T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-19T06:30:28.081-05:00Significant Digits and Scientific Notation<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Significant digits are used so that our calculations are not more precise than our measurements. All digits other than zero are significant.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Its the zeros that are the tricky ones. We went over the rules and then did some practice situations. We will continue to practice this and all calculations made for the rest of the year must be rounded to the correct number of significant digits. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Scientific Notation is used for very large and very small numbers that usually have a lot of zeros to make the numbers for manageable. Most students are familiar with scientific notation and just need a bit of practice. </span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-10777890133411376302018-01-17T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-17T06:30:07.016-05:00Theoretical and Percent Yield<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Theoretical yield</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> is how much product you can make with given reactants. To determine theoretical yield, do a normal stoichiometry calculation. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Actual yield </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">is how much is actually produced when the reaction is performed. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Percent yield</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> is how well you do. Percent yield calculates how close to the theoretical yield you are. A high percent yield means that your actual yield was close to the theoretical yield, the reaction worked the way it was supposed to it, and it was efficient and accurate. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Why doesn't theoretical yield equal actual yield very often? ERROR!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Error can include impure substances, uncalibrated equipment, improper procedure... all kinds of things.</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Percent error</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> measures the amount of error. Small percent error means things went well and the actual yield was close to the theoretical yield. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Percent yield plus percent error should equal 100. </span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-23038573328332078652018-01-15T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-15T06:30:02.809-05:00Chromatography<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Chromatography is the separation of liquids based on particle or molecule size. </b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Chromatography is used to separate inks into the colors that make them up. Most inks are mixtures of colors and the ink will separate into bands of colors based on the size of the different ink molecules.The small particles move faster and will move further up the paper strip (in the photo black); the larger particles do not move as far (yellow). Some black inks are actually made up of blue red, pink, and yellow.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Pairs or groups of students received a strip of filter paper and made a pencil line about 3 cm from the end. They then traced over the pencil line with a marker, dipped the edge of the paper into water and waited. Over time the water will travel through the paper carrying the ink molecules with it. Smaller molecules are easier to carry and travel further.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><a href="http://www.pullmanacademic.com.au/images/Exploring_Science/Principles_of_Chemistry/chromatography.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.pullmanacademic.com.au/images/Exploring_Science/Principles_of_Chemistry/chromatography.jpg" /></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Chromatography can be used to separate any mixtures with different size particles and actually gel electrophoresis used for DNA analysis works on a similar principle.</span><br />
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MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-89954742086733961692018-01-12T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-12T06:30:27.157-05:00LD50<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This week's topic is about lethal doses and LD50.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The second portion is about the difference in toxicity of natural vs. manmade chemicals. Most people wrongly assume that if a chemical is natural that is good and that if a chemical is manmade then it is bad. Both can be good and both can be bad!</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/SAS-Natural-vs.-Man-Made-Toxicity-FINAL-v2-post-1024x1024.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/SAS-Natural-vs.-Man-Made-Toxicity-FINAL-v2-post-1024x1024.png" height="320" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Compound Interest's original post about Lethal Doses of Common Chemicals can be found <a href="http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/07/27/lethaldoses/" target="_blank">here</a>. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Compound Interest's original post about Natural vs. ManMade Chemicals can be found <a href="http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/05/19/natural-vs-man-made-chemicals-dispelling-misconceptions/" target="_blank">here</a>. </span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-86042689164456575322018-01-11T07:00:00.000-05:002018-01-11T07:00:46.422-05:00Expanding Horizons - Personality Test<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Each week you will be asked to visit a few online sources. You may be asked to read an article, watch a video, play a game, take a quiz, listen to a podcast or all of the above. Sometimes you will be given specific questions to answer. At other times you will be asked to write a summary convincing others that they should check out what you found. These assignments will take time so do not wait until the last minute. At all websites, you will be asked to correctly write a citation.</span><br />
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<a href="https://i.pinimg.com/736x/a8/9f/5f/a89f5ff47344c8329e54706767eac545--mbti-personality-myers-briggs-test-personality-types.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="452" height="320" src="https://i.pinimg.com/736x/a8/9f/5f/a89f5ff47344c8329e54706767eac545--mbti-personality-myers-briggs-test-personality-types.jpg" width="180" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">This week is the first week! Start by taking a <a href="https://www.16personalities.com/free-personality-test" target="_blank">personality test at 16 Personalities</a>!</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">Video 1: </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">How the Elements Got Their Names</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://curiosity.com/paths/how-the-elements-got-their-names-its-okay-to-be-smart/?ref=shv"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">https://curiosity.com/paths/how-the-elements-got-their-names-its-okay-to-be-smart/?ref=shv</span></a><span style="line-height: 17.12px;"></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">You may need to watch this video more than once and pause it.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://static.cinema-magazine.com/new_meisaku/meisakugazo/earthten.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://static.cinema-magazine.com/new_meisaku/meisakugazo/earthten.jpg" /></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Another fun video if you are interested!</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">“From Outer Space to Under Our Skin: A Look At The Universe”</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://ed.ted.com/featured/qwxLv7Xd#watch"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">http://ed.ted.com/featured/qwxLv7Xd#watch</span></a><span style="line-height: 17.12px;"> <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">This video is old, but interesting to think about. Note 10<sup>0</sup> = 1.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 17.12px;">Please let MsJ know as soon as possible if you have problems or questions. </span></span></span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-69067568953560880872018-01-11T06:00:00.000-05:002018-01-11T06:00:12.407-05:00Hazard Diamonds<div style="text-align: right;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKyaFliQklt6Hp5SBmIm97Mowg2VuApx_01k39619X0Lg-QJEHWguI990Py1U9HFuMvWUUiEb66oJcz7GIH5BDiKAJJ5jiN26q2_tx1M0sewPWbBMKXjdbOkN3t-jgMfCq1vR8soVkHA73/s1600/hazard+diamonds.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="105" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKyaFliQklt6Hp5SBmIm97Mowg2VuApx_01k39619X0Lg-QJEHWguI990Py1U9HFuMvWUUiEb66oJcz7GIH5BDiKAJJ5jiN26q2_tx1M0sewPWbBMKXjdbOkN3t-jgMfCq1vR8soVkHA73/s400/hazard+diamonds.gif" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Most of us have seen these diamonds on trucks as we pass them on the highway. These diamonds are useful for safety and response teams to identify what is in the truck so the correct precautionary and clean up measures can be made. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The NFPA 704 fire diamond (or hazmat diamond) is described in NFPA Standard 704, maintained by the National Fire Protection Association. The system identifies four key hazards (health (blue), flammability (red), instability (yellow), and special (white)) and their degree of severity. Hazard severity is rated numerically, ranging from 0 (minimal) to 4 (severe).</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO2-TfE8yLAPRFJEuR_jtQmK1sZq5j5dN_vo6k8ggnu84gsSIs23455QCC76v8zRYNcWg2dLAu3dah58wwKMhBD54QwEcwmWyigDw1JL12Ng0sOP6l7JlPtjNMsG9cSc1tj7LyBlNhh4BZ/s1600/jancaitis2.jpeg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO2-TfE8yLAPRFJEuR_jtQmK1sZq5j5dN_vo6k8ggnu84gsSIs23455QCC76v8zRYNcWg2dLAu3dah58wwKMhBD54QwEcwmWyigDw1JL12Ng0sOP6l7JlPtjNMsG9cSc1tj7LyBlNhh4BZ/s320/jancaitis2.jpeg" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The hazard diamond is useful because it allows emergency personnel to quickly and easily identify the risks posed by hazardous materials and is useful to determine what, if any, special equipment should be used, procedures followed, or precautions taken during an emergency response. (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFPA_704">Summarized & more information here.</a>)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Want to make your own customizable hazard diamond? Click </span><a href="http://www.compliancesigns.com/NFPA_CUSTOM_Selector10.php" style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">here</a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">. Why does this feature exist? So people can make easily identifiable hazard diamonds for any chemical they have on hand. </span>MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-51856078943992921562018-01-10T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-10T10:51:09.262-05:00Lab Equipment<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmx9TAuHhMkhQQ8LJtEEiJu23Y9MPpJv2kB8GVlKfETTCvF_RKnyJlzgB-yafyCxjvMF-ZReDNZzLy7EqkvWy-8rZVUqBhBjW-MNAH1eBcg8NPspS9bfVlBZp1ovicXuq0-G8XUzbyzAZd/s1600/P1070057.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5424521002969109602" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmx9TAuHhMkhQQ8LJtEEiJu23Y9MPpJv2kB8GVlKfETTCvF_RKnyJlzgB-yafyCxjvMF-ZReDNZzLy7EqkvWy-8rZVUqBhBjW-MNAH1eBcg8NPspS9bfVlBZp1ovicXuq0-G8XUzbyzAZd/s320/P1070057.JPG" style="height: 173px; margin-top: 0pt; width: 231px;" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Students need to be familiar with certain lab equipment and its purpose, even if we won't use all of it in labs for high school chemistry. Students identified equipment using examples of the real thing (we made this into a contest) and also by identifying black and white drawings.</span><br />
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<a href="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/4d/b9/90/4db990c52487b5d80b76c54331bfdb82.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Vw_UochoaCmIftMXdQkbCkUkAGVtevcbe5qZ0dHfoPajF1Im8PZ2G3mOdirJe7eAwX_dSi-qR3jimjlHlsht5HIi7EtF4K97EWjly8yNqosbkQj2Xmw2qXw5UbPm3x_6-m-UUhekB2kE/s320/equipment+cutouts.JPG" width="198" /></span></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Vw_UochoaCmIftMXdQkbCkUkAGVtevcbe5qZ0dHfoPajF1Im8PZ2G3mOdirJe7eAwX_dSi-qR3jimjlHlsht5HIi7EtF4K97EWjly8yNqosbkQj2Xmw2qXw5UbPm3x_6-m-UUhekB2kE/s1600/equipment+cutouts.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Students will sort equipment based on what i</span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ts main</span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> purpose is. Some equipment is used for liquids, some for s</span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">olids, and some for heating. Some is used for all of those things. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The three pieces of equipment most likely to come up, and the most confusing when in black and white photos are the watch glass, evaporating dish, and the crucible (which has a lid). All three of these can be used for heating substances to remove water among other things. In real life they look different - but in drawings they look similar. How to tell them apart? The watch glass resembles a contact lens; the evaporating dish has a pour spout; and the crucible is more cup shaped and often is pictured with a lid. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Here is an </span><a href="http://www.quia.com/quiz/386664.html?AP_rand=16013405" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">online quiz on lab equipment</span></a><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> with photos! Try it!</span></div>
MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-4314828217727024252018-01-03T06:30:00.000-05:002018-01-10T10:50:39.084-05:00Welcome!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOK4W5Z2VwnuiImTs6VmPPs1gxD358-at3HZLBeoiqph28BnoGw7t3vIpdRlpRgftkqNlk4LiT8bZxi6UDMDtE9fUeelhNsi7b24qSAbnxv7EOIVuzwIT9MVXTx-s6WXnDOMqRMYeqJ2FS/s1600/Welcome+back+to+school.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOK4W5Z2VwnuiImTs6VmPPs1gxD358-at3HZLBeoiqph28BnoGw7t3vIpdRlpRgftkqNlk4LiT8bZxi6UDMDtE9fUeelhNsi7b24qSAbnxv7EOIVuzwIT9MVXTx-s6WXnDOMqRMYeqJ2FS/s320/Welcome+back+to+school.jpg" width="247" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Greetings students, parents, and guardians.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Welcome to a new school year with Ms Jancaitis! This blog has been set up to connect students, parents, and guardians with the chemistry class.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Each student will receive a course syllabus. The course syllabus outlines what the course will be like, what topics will be covered, and course expectations. It also contains contact information. There will be a quiz on this syllabus on Friday.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Our first unit will cover lab safety and equipment. Each note packet comes with the safety rules and contract. The safety rules and contract need to be read and signed by both the student and parent guardian. The safety rules are rules designed to keep the classroom safe and orderly to maximize learning and prevent accidents and injuries. These rules need to be studied because there will be a safety test on Wednesday and infractions of these rules can lead to disciplinary action as well as low assignment grades. A contract holds students accountable for the items that are broken if the student is acting a manner that is unsafe for themselves or those around them.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Please have these papers signed and returned by Monday. Students not returning signed safety rules and safety contracts will not be able to participate in labs and activities until the contracts are signed and returned.</span>MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6298049930025491584.post-54296413708816448362017-12-04T08:00:00.000-05:002017-12-04T08:00:21.697-05:00Getting Ready for the Chemistry SOL<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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The End of Course Chemistry Assessment is coming!<br />
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Look over all notes, study guides, and tests.<br />
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Practice Questions are available at<a href="http://education.jlab.org/solquiz/index.html"> J-Lab</a>. Be sure to choose Chemistry - and if you go under "more options" you can focus the questions somewhat by topic.<br />
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Released <a href="http://www.iq.poquoson.org/science.htm#hs">SOL practice tests at Poquoson</a>.<br />
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Need a re-teaching? Ask <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/tdewitt451/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid">Tyler DeWitt</a> to help you out!MsJhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02510123253923454788noreply@blogger.com0